SELECT [DISTINCT]
    column_names
    salary * 1.05 AS new_salary -- gives this column the name new_salary
FROM
    table
ORDER BY
    colum [ASC|DESC] -- defaults to ASC
LIMIT 1 OFFSET 1 -- can be written as LIMIT 1,1
WHERE
    salary BETWEEN 9000 AND 12000 AND
    department_id IN (8, 9) AND
    first_name LIKE 'jo%' AND -- % matches anything, _ matches one character
    salary > ALL (SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE department_id = 8) AND
    salary < ANY (subquery) -- equivalent to SOME
    EXISTS(subquery) AND
    year(date) BETWEEN 1999 AND 2005

column_name IS NULL

CREATE TABLE table_name (
    column1 [CHAR,VARCHAR(max_length),INT,DATE] [constraints]
)

ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD new_column data_type constraints [AFTER existing_column]
[DROP column_name]
[MODIFY column_name new_constraints]
ADD CONSTRAINT constraint_name constraint (column_name)

DROP TABLE [IF EXISTS] table_name

TRUNCATE TABLE tabl_name

CREATE TABLE project_milestones (
    columns
    FOREIGN KEY (key_name)
        REFERENCES other_table (key_name)
);

SELECT
    first_name,
    last_name,
    hire_date,
    CASE (2000 - YEAR(hire_date))
        WHEN 1 THEN '1 year'
        WHEN 3 THEN '3 years'
        WHEN 5 THEN '5 years'
        WHEN 10 THEN '10 years'
        WHEN 15 THEN '15 years'
        WHEN 20 THEN '20 years'
        WHEN 25 THEN '25 years'
        WHEN 30 THEN '30 years'
    END aniversary
FROM
    employees
ORDER BY first_name;

SELECT
  A.n
FROM A
INNER JOIN B on B.n = A.n;